Heart conditions are some of the most common and serious health problems worldwide. As a cardiologist, it is important to have a thorough understanding of these conditions in order to properly diagnose and treat your patients. In this guide from a cardiologist in Dubai, we will discuss coronary heart disease, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Coronary Heart Disease
Coronary heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is a condition where plaque buildup narrows and hardens the arteries that supply blood to the heart. This narrowing can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart, causing chest pain or discomfort known as angina. If a plaque ruptures and forms a blood clot, it can completely block the blood flow to the heart, leading to a heart attack.
Causes
Coronary heart disease is primarily caused by a buildup of plaque made up of cholesterol, fatty deposits, and other substances in the walls of the arteries. This can be due to various factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol levels, and a sedentary lifestyle. A family history of heart disease and age also play a role in the development of this condition.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of coronary heart disease is angina, which feels like pressure or tightness in the chest and can often radiate to the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw, or back. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, and sweating. However, some people with this condition may not experience any symptoms at all, making it important to be aware of your risk factors and undergo regular check-ups.
Diagnosis
To diagnose coronary heart disease, a cardiologist will first perform a physical exam and review the patient’s medical history. They may also order tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), stress test, echocardiogram, and coronary angiography to assess the function and structure of the heart. These tests can help determine the presence and severity of any blockages in the arteries.
Treatment
Treatment for coronary heart disease aims to reduce symptoms, slow or stop the progression of the disease, and prevent complications. This may involve lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, adopting a healthy diet and exercise routine, and managing any underlying conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes. Medications may also be prescribed to manage symptoms and reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. In some cases, surgical procedures such as angioplasty, stent placement, or coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary.
Prevention
The best way to prevent coronary heart disease is by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This includes regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, not smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing stress. Additionally, it is important to manage any underlying conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes and to undergo regular check-ups to monitor your heart health.
